Posted by mbotee | Posted in hepatitis | Posted on 09-08-2010
Hepatitis B has long been known for its cruelty and develop into malignant liver damage. Not only adults, babies are very vulnerable to contracting the virus and the risk of infection to malignant even in infants than adults.
No wonder the warning against hepatitis, July 28, hepatitis B vaccination at the beginning was one of the observers have expressed the disease. World Hepatitis Day this year is the first warning.
Indonesia and Brazil played an important role to propose to the Executive Board of the World Health Organization (WHO) at its meeting of that organization in May, to deliver hepatitis in the world. The proposal was accepted and confirmed on July 28, according to the anniversary of Mr. Baruch Blumberg, who discovered hepatitis B in 1965.
Superior Budihusodo-Hepatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Indonesia, hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, mainly due to a viral infection. There are five common hepatitis viruses, namely A, B, C, D and E.
Hepatitis A and E are transmitted via feces and contaminated food and drink. People often speak of hepatitis A with jaundice. Both forms of hepatitis are usually able to heal itself and not dangerous. Although hepatitis B, C and D is much more dangerous.
hepatitis virus in the blood and body fluids. Transmission of hepatitis B, for example through blood transfusions, sexual contacts at risk, sharing needles or sharp instruments are not sterile, dialysis, organ transplantation, and the mother-child (vertical). However, there is an inflammation of the liver or hepatitis that occurs as a result of metabolism or malignancy.
Hepatitis C and B is a major problem worldwide and the number continues to grow pengidapnya. Director-General of the fight against disease and environmental health and the Ministry of Health Tjandra Yoga Aditama, a recent seminar, for example, 400 million people worldwide infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 170 million people suffering from hepatitis C. Indonesia ranks third in terms of number of patients after two other densely populated countries, namely China and India. Predictably, people with hepatitis B and C in Indonesia reached 20 million people.
From mother to child
In Indonesia, based on primary health care research in 2007, the prevalence of people infected with hepatitis B, demonstrated that the rates of anti-HBc and 34 percent usually increase with age. Traveling with chronic hepatitis B is often without symptoms years, if someone is not aware of the suffering and possible virus transmission. Sometimes the complaint is only a weak, tires, indigestion, bloating, nausea and loss of appetite. If hepatitis B is a pregnant woman, there is a risk of transmission from mother to child.
M Juffrie Coordination Unit-Gastroenterology Hepatology Indonesian Pediatricians Association, a gathering of the media on hepatitis, last week, with as HBsAg and HBeAg positive mothers, the risk of contracting 70 percent-90 percent children. If the mother is HBsAg-positive, only 50-20 percent of children at risk of contracting.
Age at exposure to hepatitis B may also affect the disease. Hepatitis B infection in infants from birth (infected mothers) have kronisitas risks more than 90 percent. If the age of 1-5 years exposed to horizontal transfer (from an open wound or an injection in danger) kronisitas risk 25-30 percent. “Unlike adults. The risk of chronic hepatitis B and beyond kronisitas, such as cirrhosis or liver cancer, were significantly lower in adult patients with hepatitis B, which is 5-7 percent. In adults, the risk of hepatitis C mengganas more precise , about 80 percent, “said Juffrie.
Traveling with an infection with hepatitis B to cirrhosis occurs in infants and children are also much faster. “In infants, cirrhosis may occur within a few months. Not surprisingly, the baby of seven months was still cirrhosis. Relief and Babies vomit blood,” he said. In adults, infection with hepatitis B virus Trip to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer can be many years.
Hepatitis B vaccine
Until now, the hepatitis B vaccine used to protect children against infection with hepatitis B. According Juffrie, vaccinations are very important. “Moreover, more infections in infants, the risk is very high for the worst. The key, making the vaccine to zero days,” he said.
Vaccination against hepatitis B, three doses should preferably be performed within the first 12 hours from birth. The following vaccination one month later and the last dose of 3-6 months. “There are differences in the areas between the government and the Indonesian Association of Pediatricians, but it does not matter. Calendar, so simplified that the government could dibarengkan with other vaccines, the effectiveness and outreach, he said.
Approximately 95 percent of vaccinated infants may develop immunity to hepatitis B and the duration of immunity is at least 20 years or more. Revaccination is not recommended. “But if you want to remember, can be done when the children, at least the age of 18 years,” he said.
In Indonesia, the vaccine against hepatitis B became part of the vaccination program. The hepatitis B immunization in the chain of transmission from mothers to break their babies and people with hepatitis B protection in the future. However, vaccination against hepatitis B in connection with a DTP-DPT / HB combination since 2004. Mass vaccination is planned for the newborn until the age of one year free.
